ADB projects India’s growth for 2024 - 25

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has projected India’s economic growth at 7% for the financial year 2024 and 7.2% for FY2025, stating that the country’s economy remains strong. ADB’s Country Director for India, Mio Oka, said that India has displayed resilience in the face of global geopolitical challenges and is set for steady expansion. Oka added that improvements in agriculture are expected to boost rural spending, complementing the robust performance of the industry and services sectors.

In its September edition of the Asian Development Outlook (ADO), ADB reported that a favorable monsoon across most regions of India is expected to lead to strong agricultural output, positively impacting the rural economy in FY2024. Additionally, the report holds an optimistic view of the industry and services sectors, private investments, and urban consumption for both FY2024 and FY2025.

The new government policy offering employment-linked incentives to workers and firms is expected to increase labor demand and support job creation beginning in FY2025. The report says “With the government’s fiscal consolidation efforts, central government debt is projected to decrease from 58.2% of GDP in FY2023 to 56.8% in FY2024. The general government deficit, which includes state governments, is expected to fall below 8% of GDP in FY2024.”

However, consumer inflation is expected to rise to 4.7% in FY2024 due to higher food prices, despite an increase in agricultural output. ADB noted that inflation has kept the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) from lowering policy interest rates. Should agricultural supply improve and food prices moderate, the central bank may consider easing interest rates in FY2024, which could facilitate credit expansion.

Air Marshal SP Dharkar appointed as the next IAF Vice Chief

Air Marshal SP Dharkar, a distinguished fighter pilot, has been appointed as the next Vice Chief of Air Staff. He will succeed Air Marshal AP Singh, who is set to become the Chief of Air Staff. Dharkar will assume his new role once the Chief takes over.

With more than 3,600 flying hours, Air Marshal Dharkar brings extensive experience to the position. He is an alumnus of the Rashtriya Indian Military College in Dehradun, the National Defence Academy in Pune, the Defence Services Staff College in Wellington, and the Air War College in the United States. Commissioned in June 1985, he has earned credentials as a Qualified Flying Instructor, Fighter Strike Leader, Instrument Rating Instructor and Examiner, and Air Force Examiner.

Throughout his career, Dharkar has commanded a frontline fighter squadron and a Fighter Flying Training Establishment. He has also been involved in Professional Military Education, teaching officers at the Defence Services Staff College and the College of Air Warfare in Secunderabad.

In addition to his operational roles, Dharkar has held key positions such as Assistant Chief of Air Staff (Training) at Air Headquarters and Air Defence Commander at the Eastern Air Command. Notably, he was the first Director General of the Defence Space Agency. For the past two years, he has been heading the Eastern Air Command.

ISRO launches Earth Observation Satellite EOS-08

ISRO’s latest Earth Observation Satellite ‘EOS-08’ launched by the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV)-D3 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Shriharikota.The primary objectives of the EOS-08 mission include designing and developing a microsatellite, creating payload instruments compatible with the microsatellite bus, and incorporating new technologies required for future operational satellites.

Image Credit: ISRO

Built on the Microsat/IMS-1 bus, EOS-08 carries three payloads: Electro Optical Infrared Payload (EOIR), Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry payload (GNSS-R), and SiC UV Dosimeter. The EOIR payload is designed to capture images in the Mid-Wave IR (MIR) and Long-Wave IR (LWIR) bands, both during the day and night, for applications such as satellite-based surveillance, disaster monitoring, environmental monitoring, fire detection, volcanic activity observation, and industrial and power plant disaster monitoring. The GNSS-R payload demonstrates the capability of using GNSS-R-based remote sensing for applications such as ocean surface wind analysis, soil moisture assessment, cryosphere studies over the Himalayan region, flood detection, and inland waterbody detection. Meanwhile, the SiC UV Dosimeter monitors UV irradiance at the viewport of the Crew Module in the Gaganyaan Mission and serves as a high-dose alarm sensor for gamma radiation.

The spacecraft mission configuration is set to operate in a Circular Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at an altitude of 475 km with an inclination of 37.4°, and has a mission life of 1 year. The satellite has a mass of approximately 175.5 kg and generates power of around 420 W. It interfaces with the SSLV-D3 launch vehicle. EOS-08 marks a significant advancement in satellite mainframe systems such as an Integrated Avionics system, known as the Communication, Baseband, Storage, and Positioning (CBSP) Package, which combines multiple functions into a single, efficient unit. This system is designed with cold redundant systems using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components and evaluation boards, supporting up to 400 Gb of data storage. Additionally, the satellite includes a structural panel embedded with PCB, an embedded battery, a Micro-DGA (Dual Gimbal Antenna), an M-PAA (Phased Array Antenna), and a flexible solar panel, each serving as key components for onboard technology demonstration.

The satellite employs a miniaturized design in its Antenna Pointing Mechanisms, capable of achieving a rotational speed of 6 degrees per second and maintaining a pointing accuracy of ±1 degree. The miniaturized phased array antenna further enhances communication capabilities, while the flexible solar panel incorporates a foldable solar panel substrate, GFRP tube, and CFRP honeycomb rigid end panel, offering improved power generation and structural integrity. A pyrolytic graphite sheet diffuser plate, known for its high thermal conductivity of 350 W/mK, reduces mass and finds application in various satellite functions. Furthermore, the EOS-08 mission adopts a new method of integrating housekeeping panels using a hinge-based fixture, significantly reducing the duration of the Assembly, Integration, and Testing (AIT) phase.

Incorporating additional novel schemes, the EOS-08 mission improves satellite technology through X-band data transmission, utilizing pulse shaping and Frequency Compensated Modulation (FCM) for X-Band data transmitters. The satellite’s battery management system employs SSTCR-based charging and bus regulation, sequentially including or excluding strings at a frequency of 6 Hz. The mission’s indigenization effort is evident in its solar cell fabrication processes and the use of a Nano-Star Sensor for Microsat Applications. Additionally, the inertial system benefits from reaction wheel isolators that attenuate vibrations and a single antenna interface is utilized for TTC and SPS applications. Thermal management is enhanced using materials such as AFE BGA, Kintex FPGA, Germanium Black Kapton, and STAMET (Si-Al Alloy) Black Kapton to handle the thermal properties of COTS components. The mission also incorporates an auto-launch pad initialization feature, further demonstrating its commitment to innovative mission management.

Nandini Sahakar Yojana

Nandini Sahakar Scheme by the National Cooperative Development Corporation (NCDC) is a women-focused framework of financial assistance, project formulation, hand-holding, and capacity development aimed at assisting women cooperatives to take up business model-based activities under the purview of NCDC. There is no minimum or maximum limit on financial assistance to projects by women cooperatives.

Nandini Sahakar Scheme was launched to align itself with the principles of Atmanirbhar Bharat outlined by the Hon’ble Prime Minister. The scheme is a framework of assistance to improve the socio-economic status of women. It supports the entrepreneurial dynamism of women through women's cooperatives. It converges critical inputs of women’s enterprises, business plan formulation, capacity development, credit and subsidy, and interest subvention of other schemes.

NCDC funding is project-based. No proposal has been received from any women's cooperative in Bihar under the Nandini Sahakar Scheme. However, as of 31.03.2024, NCDC has disbursed financial assistance of Rs.6426.36 crore for the development of cooperative societies exclusively promoted by women across the country.

President Droupadi Murmu conferred with Fiji’s highest civilian award

Introduction to the Prestigious Recognition

President Droupadi Murmu, a distinguished leader and the head of state of India, has been conferred with Fiji's highest civilian honor The Order of Fiji. This significant accolade reflects her exceptional contributions and the strong bilateral relations between India and Fiji.

The Significance of Fiji's Highest Civilian Award

Fiji's highest civilian award is a testament to outstanding service and contributions to the nation and the international community. This prestigious honor is bestowed upon individuals who have demonstrated extraordinary dedication, leadership, and positive impact.

Droupadi Murmu: A Leader of Vision and Integrity

President Droupadi Murmu has been a beacon of leadership and integrity. Her tenure as the President of India has been marked by numerous achievements and initiatives that have significantly influenced both national and international spheres. Her commitment to public service, social justice, and economic development has earned her widespread respect and recognition.

Key Achievements of President Murmu

• Promoting Education and Empowerment: Under President Murmu's leadership, numerous educational initiatives have been launched, focusing on empowering marginalized communities and promoting gender equality in education.
• Strengthening Diplomatic Relations: President Murmu has played a pivotal role in enhancing India's diplomatic ties with various countries, including Fiji. Her efforts have paved the way for stronger bilateral cooperation in trade, culture, and technology.
• Advocating for Environmental Sustainability: A staunch advocate for environmental conservation, President Murmu has championed several policies aimed at protecting natural resources and promoting sustainable development. The Ceremony and Its Significance

The Ceremony and Its Significance

The conferral ceremony was a grand event, attended by dignitaries from both India and Fiji. The award symbolizes the deep-rooted friendship and mutual respect between the two nations. It also highlights the shared values and collaborative efforts in addressing global challenges.

Event Highlights

• Venue and Attendance: The ceremony was held at a prestigious venue in Fiji, with notable figures from various sectors in attendance.
• Speech by President Murmu: In her acceptance speech, President Murmu expressed her gratitude and reaffirmed her commitment to strengthening India-Fiji relations.
• Cultural Performances: The event featured cultural performances that showcased the rich heritage of both India and Fiji, symbolizing the cultural bond between the two countries.

Impact on India-Fiji Relations

The recognition of President Murmu with Fiji's highest civilian award is a milestone in India-Fiji relations. It underscores the mutual respect and admiration between the two nations and sets a precedent for future collaborations.

Enhanced Bilateral Cooperation

This honor is expected to catalyze further cooperation in various fields, including:

• Economic Partnerships: Boosting trade and investment opportunities between India and Fiji.
• Cultural Exchanges: Promoting cultural exchange programs to strengthen people-to-people ties.
• Educational Initiatives: Collaborating on educational projects to enhance learning and development.

Conclusion

The conferment of Fiji's highest civilian award to President Droupadi Murmu is a testament to her exemplary leadership and contributions. It also marks a significant chapter in the flourishing relationship between India and Fiji. As both nations continue to build on this foundation, the future holds promising prospects for enhanced cooperation and mutual growth.

India is the 2nd Largest Aluminum Producer in the World

Production of key minerals in the country, such as iron ore and limestone, has continued to show robust growth in Q1 of FY 2024-25, after reaching record production levels in FY 2023-24. Iron ore and limestone account for about 80% of the total MCDR mineral production by value. Production of iron ore was 275 million metric ton (MMT) and limestone at 450 MMT in FY 2023-24. As per provisional data, in the non-ferrous metal sector, primary aluminum production in FY 2024-25 (April-June) posted a growth of 1.2% over the corresponding period last year, increasing to 10.43 lakh tons (LT) in FY 2024-25 (April-June) from 10.28 LT in FY 2023-24 (April-June). India is the 2nd largest Aluminum producer, 3rd largest lime producer and 4th largest iron ore producer in the world. Continued growth in production of iron ore and limestone in the current financial year reflects the robust demand conditions in the user industries viz. steel and cement. Coupled with growth in Aluminums, these growth trends point towards continued strong economic activity in user sectors such as energy, infrastructure, construction, automotive and machinery.

Moon crater named after national luminary Pasang Lhamu Sherpa

 Lhamu Pasang Sherpa, the first Nepalese woman to summit Everest, now has a lunar crater named in her honor.

Nepal celebrates the naming of a crater at the Moon’s South Pole in honor of Pasang Lhamu Sherpa, the first Nepali woman to summit Mt. Everest. The US Geological Survey, which maps extraterrestrial planets and the Moon, as well as topographic and hydrological features of Earth, has named a crater on the Moon’s South Pole after Sherpa.

On April 22, 1993, Pasang Lhamu made mountaineering history by becoming the first Nepalese woman to successfully reach the summit of the world’s highest peak. Unfortunately, during the descent, the climbers encountered severe weather conditions. She died near the south summit of Mt. Everest.

The Government of Nepal has honored her memory by declaring Pasang Lhamu a National Luminary. Jasamba Mountain (7,315m) in the Mahalangur Range has been renamed Pasang Lhamu Mountain, and the 117 km-long highway from Trishuli to Dhunche has been designated Pasang Lhamu Highway. Additionally, postage stamps have been issued in her name.